Involvement of knockdown resistant gene allele in population of Anopheles gambiae complex in Bambam and Ture communities of Gombe State

Author: I.M. Aworetan, A. Mohamed and A.O. Omotehinse
aworetan@aaua.edu.ng
Abstract:
Lack of information on resistance mechanism is the major hindrance facing malaria vector control implementation. This work focused on insecticide susceptibility and involvement of KDR Allele point mutation of Anopheles gambiae population in Bambam and Ture communities of Gombe State. Susceptibility test were carried out on adult mosquitoes using the CDC bottle bioassay, followed with morphological identification. Identified mosquitoes were subjected to PCR analysis to further confirm the member of species complex and the molecular form present in the tested sample. The result showed resistance in population of A. gambiae to Organochlorine and Pyrethroid in Ture and Bambam communities. Resistance to permethrin (0-46.3% mortality) was recorded in both studied sites, resistant to lambdacyhalothrin was recorded (in Ture community; 0-70%), resistance to Deltamethrin were recorded in both sites (56.8%-70%). High resistance of A. gambiae to DDT was prevalent in the two communities (28.3% and 16.7% mortality). The knock down resistance (KDR Gene Allele point mutation) result revealed non-involvement of KDR in tested resistance samples. The resistance might be due to increase in the rate of insecticide metabolism by enzymes, which lowered the amount of insecticide reaching the target site.

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Key Words: Clitoria ternatea, feed, forage, Panicum maximum, ruminant
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