The livestock production sector is significantly contributing to global greenhouse gas emissions, thus playing a vital role in climate change. This review examined the major sources of greenhouse gases (GHGs) from the livestock sector basically methane (CH4) produced from enteric fermentation, nitrous oxide (N2O) released from chemical fertilizers and organic manure, and carbon dioxide (CO2) released due to land use change and energy consumption with ruminants animals (cattle in particular) as the primary emitters due to their digestive processes. Literature revealed that ruminant animals produced for about 7.8 million tons of CH4 in 2000 which might probably rise to 11.1 million tons by 2030. Agricultural land management is the major source of N2O emissions in the Sub-Saharan Africa, causing approximately 64% of the total N2O emissions in 2020, which is likely followed by the application of synthetic fertilizers to urban soils. The review has further examined the impact of feed production, manure management and energy consumption on the environment across the various livestock production systems. The strategies of mitigation include diet modifications, genetic improvement, effective manure handling, production of biogas, and modified practices of land management. This research will impart information on policy decisions and support the practices that will sustainably minimize the carbon footprint of livestock production sector.